Classification of car batteries
Generally speaking, the batteries used in automobiles are mainly divided into two types: water-added lead-acid batteries and maintenance-free lead-acid batteries. At present, most models use maintenance-free lead-acid batteries. However, there are also many Japanese cars, including some high-end models, and some use non-maintenance-free lead-acid batteries.
Water-filled lead-acid batteries, the electrodes are composed of lead and lead oxides, and the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. The advantages are stable voltage and low price; the disadvantages are low specific energy (that is, the electric energy stored per kilogram of the battery), short service life and frequent daily maintenance. The service life of the old-fashioned water-filled lead-acid battery is about 2 years, and the height of the electrolyte needs to be checked regularly during daily maintenance, and then distilled water is added according to the situation. But today's batteries have a longer lifespan and have less of an old-fashioned hassle to maintain, just more expensive.
The biggest feature of maintenance-free lead-acid battery is maintenance-free. Compared with water-filled lead-acid battery, due to its own structural advantages, maintenance-free battery electrolyte consumption is very small, and there is basically no need to add distilled water during its service life. , which is basically replaced every 3 years or so. The advantages of maintenance-free batteries are that they have the characteristics of shock resistance, high temperature resistance, small size and small self-discharge. The disadvantage is that the price is more expensive than the water-filled lead-acid battery. However, there are also two types of maintenance-free batteries on the market: the first type requires no maintenance (adding supplementary fluid) after one-time addition of electrolyte at the time of purchase; the other type is that the battery itself has been added with electrolyte and sealed when leaving the factory. Damn, users can't add refills at all.
Proper maintenance of water-filled lead-acid batteries can prolong the service life Since batteries are divided into two types, the maintenance methods are also different. The battery fluid of a lead-acid battery is a mixture of sulfuric acid and distilled water. When the battery is discharged, the water will increase and the sulfuric acid will decrease, resulting in a decrease in the density of the battery fluid; when charging, the water will decrease and the sulfuric acid will become many. Generally speaking, the battery fluid concentration reflects the ratio of water and sulfuric acid in the battery fluid. The owner should check the battery fluid level regularly. After adding distilled water, we also need to check the battery fluid density.
In order to prolong the life of the battery, the owner can check the electrolyte level every 10,000 kilometers or so, and the height is the best state between the high and low liquid levels. If properly maintained, the battery can even last 4-5 years.
Maintenance-free battery: Regularly check the battery magic eye and keep the battery fully charged. Since the maintenance-free battery does not have the row of 6 water filling holes and the battery level, the owner needs to judge by the "magic eye" on the battery. If the magic eye is green, it means the battery is normal and fully charged; if the magic eye is black, it means it needs to be charged; if the magic eye is white, it means the battery needs to be replaced.
Can maintenance-free batteries also extend their life through maintenance like water-filled lead-acid batteries? It's not true. The maintenance-free battery needs to be checked every 30,000 kilometers and maintained every 80,000 kilometers. It can be said that the service life of the maintenance-free battery is relatively fixed, and it needs to be replaced in 2-3 years, so it is not like water-added lead-acid. Like the battery, the life can be extended through maintenance.
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